It should be remembered that the LASER ray (“Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation”, that is “Amplification of light by means of stimulated emission of radiation”) is essentially a light beam, whose main characteristics lie in the monochromaticity (like saying that it is emitted a single luminous frequency, unlike the light we are used to, which is always broad spectrum) and in geometric coherence (that is, thanks to the previous feature, it is possible to generate laser beams with very small opening angles, typically for medical applications in the order of one or two mRads).

From these two characteristics derives the fact that with a laser light it is possible to easily obtain much greater power densities than with traditional light sources, and this fact, in addition to having been exploited in various industrial, spatial and military fields, has been for several years also used in the medical field, although with different application areas.

In fact, the so-called “power-laser” is distinguished (which mainly generates photo-evaporation effects and photo-chemical reactions: an example for all is the laser-scalpel) from “mid-lasers” and “soft-lasers” ( that have exclusively biostimulant effect).

The other versions, instead, (from LTS-05 to LTS-20) given that they employ laser diodes whose emission falls into the infrared, require guiding light (visible) which is implemented with the use of a laser diode that emits light red.

Since these versions have significantly higher working beam powers (“mid-laser”), it must always be remembered that, even if the action modes are similar to the lower power version, these thermal effects are no longer completely negligible (especially if continuous emission with small deflections is adopted), for which particular attention is required from the operator in the dosage of energy (which depends on the combination of percentage of maximum power, repetition frequency of the impulses, scanning area of the beam).

The main reason that leads to the adoption of greater working powers, however, is the greater rapidity of therapeutic action, and ultimately the shortening of treatment times.

Level and nature of Fisiocomputer LTS

The “Fisiocomputer LTS” emits, in all its versions, a laser beam scanning, that is deflected automatically by a pair of mirrors placed inside in the vicinity of the laser aperture present posteriorly.

The LTS-00 uses a He-Ne tube that emits a power of 5 mW (continuous in time and not adjustable in intensity) at a wavelength of 633 nM and with a difference of 1 mrad.

The IR versions, however, all use a laser diode that generates the beam – guide at a wavelength of 635 nM, with a power of 5mW.

The beam of the work is instead obtained by an array of laser diodes emitting at the wavelength of 808 nm (infrared). The maximum output power varies from 500 mW CONTINUOUS version of the LTS- 05 to 2 W CONTINUOUS version of the LTS -20. For the laser working can be adjusted both the peak power (from 0 to 100% of nominal) that the emission mode, selectable between continuous and pulsed (in this case from 1 to 5000 Hz , with adjustable duty cycle from 5% to 95 % in steps of 5%).

It should be remembered that the versions LTS- 00 and LTS- 05 are Laser Class 3B.
Instead, the other two versions (LTS -10 and LTS- 20) are Laser Class 4.

Mode of delivery of the laser beam

For all versions of the beam is deflected automatically both in a “vertical” (ie in the direction of “depth” of the apparatus) in the sense that the “horizontal” (ie in the lateral direction). For each of the two deflections, which are operating simultaneously, are adjustable by the operator is the absolute positioning of the beam scan width.

The sweep speed is fixed to the vertical (and is such that even by setting the maximum amplitude of the human eye perceives a continuous line, and then the resulting frequency is always higher than the frequency of fusion of the retina , generally estimated at 16 Hz) and adjustable for horizontal (this time on much lower values, so that the resulting frequency is always such as to sense the lateral movement of the vertical line). The horizontal scanning speed is adjustable between 0.25 and 2 rad/sec (which is roughly equivalent to a range of horizontal scan times ranging from one to eight seconds for the maximum deflection).
The laser beam can exit the rear opening within a solid angle contained in the horizontal limit of 60 ∞ (+30 ∞ with respect to the central axis) and the vertical limit of 55 ∞ (from 30 ∞ to 85 ∞ to get up from the vertical to the ground).

Within this solid angle setting limits for deflections ranging from 0-∞ to the theoretical maximum (depending on the opening Laser). If both width adjustments are set to minimum (0-∞), the scan is reduced to a fixed point.